Dampak Masuknya Low-cost Carrier Terhadap Pergerakan Penumpang Internasional pada Bandar Udara Internasional di Asia

Putut Purwandono(1*), Yuichiro Yoshida(2), Keisuke Kawata(3)

(1) Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University-Japan
(2) Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University-Japan
(3) Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University-Japan
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah mempelajari dampak dari masuknya maskapai berbiaya murah (LCC) terhadap perubahan pergerakan penumpang internasional di 30 bandar udara internasional di wilayah Asia Timur dan Asia Tenggara. Hasil estimasi menggunakan model fixed-effect yang kami peroleh menunjukkan bukti kuat bahwa masuknya LCC menyebabkan naiknya jumlah penumpang internasional secara signifikan. Namun demikian, dampak ini akan menurun ketika jarak antara bandar udara asal dan tujuan semakin jauh dan maskapai non-LCC melayani rute yang sama. Penambahan jumlah LCC yang terus menerus akan memberikan tingkat kenaikan yang semakin menurun. Hasil studi kami mampu menyimpulkan dampak dari masuknya LCC pada rute internasional dan dapat menjelaskan pada kondisi apa masuknya LCC mampu menghasilkan dampak positif yang signifikan.


[Impact of Low-cost Carrier Entry on International Air Passenger Movements at International Airports in Asia] This paper primarily studies the impact of low-cost carrier (LCC) entry on the change of international passenger movement at 30 international airports in Northeast and Southeast Asia. Our fixed-effect estimation found enough evidence to claim that LCC entry at international route causes number of passenger to increase significantly. Nevertheless, the positive impact of LCC entry diminishes as distance between origin and final destination airport gets longer and full service carrier (FSC) service exists. Moreover, additional LCC companies brings about lower increase rate in number of international passengers. Our findings justify the positive impact of having LCC entry for international route and explain the condition under which LCC entry gives positive and significant result.


Keywords


Asia; fixed-effect; maskapai berbiaya murah.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25104/wa.v42i2.236.57-62

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